1 - Adds roughly $3.4 - $4 trillion to the deficit this decade
The Congressional Budget Office’s score shows $3.4 trillion in new borrowing for FY 2025-34, with analysts warning of higher interest costs and record-level debt-to-GDP.
2 - Medicaid cuts could leave 11 – 12 million people uninsured
Lower federal matching rates, stricter work requirements and capped provider taxes shrink coverage and imperil rural hospitals already on thin margins.
3 - Deep reductions to SNAP and other food aid
States project billions in lost nutrition assistance, heightening food insecurity for low-income families.
4 - Rollback of clean-energy incentives
Phasing out solar, wind, EV and efficiency credits by 2027 threatens tens of thousands of jobs and undercuts U.S. climate goals.
5 - Benefits flow disproportionately to the wealthy
High earners—the top 0.1 %—stand to gain about $290 k a year, while households in the bottom quintile experience net income losses after benefit cuts.
6 - $350 billion in new border and defense outlays with no offsets
Big-ticket projects—including more wall construction, detention centers and a “Golden Dome” air-defense system—add to the bill’s cost without new revenue.
7 - Average ACA Marketplace premiums rise about $1,300 a year
Changes to subsidy formulas drive up costs even for families that never relied on Medicaid.
8 - Only a temporary deduction for Social Security taxes—no repeal
Seniors get short-lived relief that complicates filing and falls short of campaign promises to eliminate the tax entirely.
9 - Federal pre-emption of state programs and standards
Governors warn the bill intrudes on state authority, drains billions from health and nutrition budgets, and weakens environmental protections.
10 - Rushed, 900-page omnibus with limited transparency
Lawmakers and the public had little time to digest the sweeping package, leading to confusion over its full impact and eroding public trust.